Prostate Cancer
Best Prostate Cancer Specialist in Pune
Prostate cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the prostate in males. The prostate gland is located in front of the rectum, just below the bladder (the organ that collects and empties pee) (the lower part of the intestine). It’s about the size of a walnut and protects the urethra (the tube that empties urine from the bladder). The prostate gland produces a fluid that is a component of the semen.
Signs and Symptoms
Prostate cancer is most common in men over the age of 50.
A poor urine flow or frequent urination is the most typical symptoms of prostate cancer. The other symptoms are :
- Interrupted (“stop-and-go”) flow of urine.
- Sudden urge to urinate.
- Frequent urination (especially at night).
- Trouble initiating the flow of urine.
- Not able to empty the bladder completely.
- Pain or burning while urinating.
- Bloodin the urine or semen.
- Pain in the back, hips, or pelvis that doesn’t go away.
- Shortness of breath, feeling very tired, fast heartbeat, dizziness, or pale skin caused by anaemia.
Diagnosis Of Prostate Cancer
- Physical exam and health history: A complete physical examination checking for signs of disease and a detailed history of the patient’s symptoms.
- Digital rectal exam(DRE): This is an examination in the anal area done by an expert doctor in his clinic. The doctor inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum and feels the prostate through the rectal wall for lumps or abnormal areas.
- Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test: It is a blood test that detects the level of PSA in the blood. PSA is a made by the prostate that may be found in higher than normal amounts in the blood of men who have prostate cancer and also be high in men who have an infection or inflammation of the prostate or BPH (an enlarged, but noncancerous, prostate).
- Transrectal ultrasound: A procedure in which an ultrasound probe that is about is inserted into the rectum to check the prostate. Transrectal ultrasound may be used during a biopsy procedure. This is called a transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy.
- MRI of the pelvis
- PET CT to look for stage 4 disease.
- PSMA scan is considered more specific for prostate cancer
- A biopsy is done to diagnose prostate cancer and find out the grade of cancer (Gleason score).
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Treatment Of Prostate Cancer
It is decided by taking into account the following factors
- The stage of cancer (level of PSA, Gleason score, Grade Group, how much of the prostate is affected by cancer, and whether cancer has spread to other places in the body).
- The patient’s age.
- Whether cancer has just been newly diagnosed or has recurred(come back).
- Whether the patient has other health problems.
- The side effects of treatment.
- Past treatment s done for prostate cancer.
- The wishes and choices of the patient
The various modalities of treatment are
- There are different types of treatment for patients with prostate cancer depending on the stage and health status of the patient. For More Info, You can also consult with Best Prostate Cancer Specialist in Pune!!
Following are types of standard treatment used:
1)Watchful waiting or active surveillance: Watchful waiting and active surveillance are treatments used for older men who do not have signs or symptoms with a less than 5 year life expectancy.
2)Surgery: Patients in good health whose tumour is in the prostate gland only may be treated with surgery to remove the tumour. During surgery, the prostate and some lymph nodes in the surrounding area are removed. A surgical oncologist is a medical specialist in the surgical treatment of cancer. A urologist, often known as a urologic oncologist, is the surgical oncologist who treats prostate cancer. The type of surgery is determined by the disease’s stage, the patient’s overall condition, and other variables.
The following types of surgery are used.
- Radical (open) prostatectomy. : Removal of prostrate gland
- Robotic or laparoscopic
- Bilateral orchiectomy. Bilateral orchiectomy is the surgical removal of both testicles. It is called ADT
- Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).TURP is most often used to relieve symptoms of a urinary blockage, not to treat prostate cancer.
3) Radiation therapy and radiopharmaceutical therapy: Radiation therapy and radiopharmaceutical therapy are cancer treatments that use high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation to kill or stop cancer cells from developing.
4) Hormone therapy: Hormone therapy is a cancer treatment that inhibits cancer cell growth by removing or blocking hormones. This is called androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). It can be done with the use of medical castration medications or by removing the testis (surgical castration)
5) Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is the use of medications to stop cancer cells from growing, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing
6) Targeted therapy: Targeted therapy is a type of treatment that uses drugs that identify, block or attack specific cells targets
7) Immunotherapy: Immunotherapy is a cancer-fighting treatment that involves the patient’s own immune system.
8) Bisphosphonate therapy: they help reduce the cancer that has spread to the bone and offer pain relief
There are also treatments available for bone cancer caused by bone metastases or hormone therapy.
Dr. Reshma Puranik is one of the Best Prostate Cancer Specialist in Pune. we provide the best prostate cancer treatment, including hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, as well as consultation with a medical oncologist and a haemato-oncologist.