GU (GENITOURINARY CANCER)
Introduction
Genitourinary cancers is a specialised field focusing on cancers found in the urinary system and the male reproductive system. These include prostate cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer,cancer of ureter or urethra, testicular cancer and cancers of the penis.
The urinary system is responsible for ridding the body of waste fluid known as urine.The male reproductive system is use to making and carrying the male reproductive cells (i.e. sperm) and its fluid called semen. This system makes sure the male sex cells and hormones are kept in balance.
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy diagnosed in males. Of the top 10 causes of newly diagnosed cancers in men, bladder cancer is the fourth most common, and renal cancer is the seventh most common. In women, renal cancer is the ninth most common cancer. The incidence of GU cancers is higher in men than in women
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC); urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, ureter, and renal pelvis (UC); and prostate adenocarcinoma (PC) are the most commonly encountered histological subtypes within this group
Risk Factors
Individuals with a family history of bladder cancer and who smoke significantly increase their risk of bladder cancer by 6.87-fold.Other risk factors are exposure to radiation therapy for the treatment of another malignancy, exposure to cyclophosphamide, and exposure to the infectious organism Schistosoma haematobium, occupational exposure to chemicals like dyes.
Environmental risk factors include cigarette smoking, obesity, diet, and hypertension, family history , advanced age and genetic factors are risk factors for kidney cancer.
Treatments
The Genitourinary Oncology Program at Dr Puranik Cancer clinic offers a range of treatments. We at Dr Puranik Cance clinic will discuss the best course of cancer treatment for your condition, what you can expect for results, and what you may experience as side effects. Treatment options for most GU cancers include a combination of surgery, radiation or chemotherapy. Other forms of treatment may available depending on which form of GU cancer you have.
Surgery – Many individuals having GU cancer will undergo the surgery. We will discuss options with you based on your diagnosis. Our surgeons will work with you to help you make the best decision for yourself.
Radiation therapy -Radiation therapy is a treatment that uses high-energy rays to eliminate cancer cells. It has the potential to damage cancer cells’ DNA and prevent cancer from returning. Many people with GU malignancies will be advised to get radiation therapy i.e. before or after their surgery. Our radiation doctors have extensive experience with sophisticated radiation therapies for GU cancer and will help you plan your therapy and track your progress. For 4-6 weeks, radiation is usually given once a day (5 days a week).
Chemotherapy – Chemotherapy uses anti-cancer drugs given intravenously to kill cancer cells that may be in your blood stream. Chemotherapy is sometimes used after surgery to reduce the chance of cancer returning in organs other than the primary site. We will discuss your treatment options and potential side effects, and will follow you and your progress throughout treatment. We at Dr Puranik Cancer clinic offer the best bladder cancer treatment and best kidney cancer treatment with all the latest treatment options being available like targeted therapy and immunotherapy.
BLADDER CANCER : It is divided into localized muscle-invasive, muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), and metastatic disease. MIBC poses a significant risk for metastasis .Current standard of care treatment for MIBC entails neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy. Standard treatment of bladder cancer stage 4 is palliative chemotherapy . Now, novel agents in form of immunotherapy and targeted therapy have improved prognosis of bladder cancer.